Â  You are planning a case-control study of lung cancer to test the hypothesis that vegetable consumption is protective against lung cancer. In one or two paragraphs, explain the study design. Would you match on smoking? Explain, but without going into detail on how you would reduce design bias. Guided Response: The results of an epidemiologic can be affected by confounding. The astute epidemiologist needs to be able to assess the possibility of confounding when examining a study that finds associations between and exposure and a health outcome.